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This volume introduces readers to regulatory theory. Aimed at practitioners, postgraduate students and those interested in regulation as a cross-cutting theme in the social sciences, Regulatory Theory includes chapters on the social-psychological foundations of regulation as well as theories of regulation such as responsive regulation, smart regulation and nodal governance. It explores the key themes of compliance, legal pluralism, meta-regulation, the rule of law, risk, accountability, globalisation and regulatory capitalism. The environment, crime, health, human rights, investment, migration and tax are among the fields of regulation considered in this ground-breaking book. Each chapter introduces the reader to key concepts and ideas and contains suggestions for further reading. The contributors, who either are or have been connected to the Regulatory Institutions Network (RegNet) at The Australian National University, include John Braithwaite, Valerie Braithwaite, Peter Grabosky, Neil Gunningham, Fiona Haines, Terry Halliday, David Levi-Faur, Christine Parker, Colin Scott and Clifford Shearing.

This volume introduces readers to regulatory theory. Aimed at practitioners, postgraduate students and those interested in regulation as a cross-cutting theme in the social sciences, Regulatory Theory includes chapters on the social-psychological foundations of regulation as well as theories of regulation such as responsive regulation, smart regulation and nodal governance. It explores the key themes of compliance, legal pluralism, meta-regulation, the rule of law, risk, accountability, globalisation and regulatory capitalism. The environment, crime, health, human rights, investment, migration and tax are among the fields of regulation considered in this ground-breaking book. Each chapter introduces the reader to key concepts and ideas and contains suggestions for further reading. The contributors, who either are or have been connected to the Regulatory Institutions Network (RegNet) at The Australian National University, include John Braithwaite, Valerie Braithwaite, Peter Grabosky, Neil Gunningham, Fiona Haines, Terry Halliday, David Levi-Faur, Christine Parker, Colin Scott and Clifford Shearing.

Intro -- Abbreviations -- Boxes, figures and tables -- Contributors -- Preface -- Regulation, institutions and networks -- Peter Drahos and Martin Krygier -- Section 1: Social psychological foundations and methodological issues -- Closing the gap between regulation and the community -- Valerie Braithwaite -- Procedural justice and its role in promoting voluntary compliance -- Kristina Murphy -- Shame in regulatory settings -- Nathan Harris -- Methodological approaches and considerations in regulatory research -- Ibolya Losoncz -- Multi-sited fieldwork in regulatory studies -- Kathryn Henne -- Section 2: Theories and concepts of regulation -- Types of responsiveness -- John Braithwaite -- Smart regulation -- Neil Gunningham and Darren Sinclair -- Meta-regulation -- Peter Grabosky -- A nodal perspective of governance: Advances in nodal governance thinking -- Cameron Holley and Clifford Shearing -- Regulation and risk -- Fiona Haines -- Public accountability: Conceptual, historical and epistemic mappings -- Michael W Dowdle -- Compliance: 14 questions -- Christine Parker and Vibeke Lehmann Nielsen -- Legal pluralism: The regulation of traditional medicine in the Cook Islands -- Miranda Forsyth -- Section 3: The state and regulatory transformations -- Regulatory globalisation -- Peter Drahos -- The regulatory state and beyond -- Colin Scott -- Regulatory capitalism -- David Levi-Faur -- Time and temporality in global governance -- Terence C Halliday -- International negotiations -- Christian Downie -- Transnational non-state regulatory regimes -- Natasha Tusikov -- Section 4: Rights-based regulation -- A regulatory perspective on the international human rights system -- Hilary Charlesworth -- Global governance of labour migration: From 'management' of migration to an integrated rights-based approach -- Nicola Piper -- Regulatory rule of law.

Responsive regulation is a general theory of how to steer the flow of events. This article seeks to understand when violence is and is not defensible as an enforcement escalation. It specifies limits on the claim of responsive regulatory theory that a tough enforcement peak to a regulatory pyramid helps drive regulation down to persuasion at the base of the pyramid. Those limits are about the counterproductive effects of violence at the peak of an enforcement pyramid. Erica Chenoweth and her colleagues show that nonviolent civilian resistance to regimes is twice as likely as armed struggle to succeed. Nonviolence complemented by a violent radical flank is less effective than disciplined nonviolence. This refutes the "benign big gun" aspect of responsive regulatory theory as a general theory of the regulation of social action. The theory implies that capacity to escalate to armed struggle at the peak of a regulatory pyramid should empower resistance. Can responsive theory be adapted to this empirical challenge? Can that adaptation show a productive path to an ethics of when to constrain escalation to violence as an option at the peak of all kinds of regulatory pyramids? Lessons are drawn from how Nelson Mandela's struggle against apartheid opened nonviolent paths to transformation without total renunciation of violence.

This article argues that the European regulatory approach to disinformation online is stymied by inappropriate regulatory theories. On that basis, this article seeks to advance an alternative theoretical approach, inspired by the contemporary European paradigm of financial services regulation. It outlines how the key theories underpinning financial services regulation could engender policy solutions that are both more rights-protective and more responsive to the role played by content recommender systems in compounding the policy problem of disinformation online. It assesses the extent to which these alternative regulatory theories manifest in the draft EU Digital Services Act.